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SNOECK Olivier
Units
Laboratory for Functional Anatomy
The Laboratoires d'Anatomie, Biomécanique et Organogenèse (LABO, Faculty of Medicine) and d'Anatomie Fonctionnelle (LAF, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences) form a research group dedicated to human and animal anatomy, biomechanics and embryology. LABO/LAF's research is organized around complementary themes: - biomechanics, modeling and functional assessment - macroscopic and microscopic anatomy - embryology and teratology - forensic medicine and forensic anthropology - HOX genes and ovarian function
Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis
The Laboratoires d'Anatomie, Biomécanique et Organogenèse (LABO, Faculty of Medicine) and d'Anatomie Fonctionnelle (LAF, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences) form a research group dedicated to human and animal anatomy, biomechanics and embryology. LABO/LAF's research is organized around complementary themes: biomechanics, modeling and functional assessment macroscopic and microscopic anatomy embryology and teratology forensic medicine and forensic anthropology HOX genes and ovarian function Neurobiomechanics Applied physical anthropology in paleoanthropology
Projetcs
Biomechanics, modeling and functional assessment
The research themes of this joint team (LABO - LAF) include all anatomical, physiological, functional and biomechanical aspects of the musculoskeletal system. Projects are aimed both at improving knowledge of morphology and biomechanics, and at developing innovative methods of movement analysis and practical or clinical applications. This involves innovative approaches to multidimensional data collection and analysis (including the organization of complex experimental protocols, the construction of experimental set-ups, the adaptation and creation of hardware, and the development of algorithms and modeling methods).
The resources found within the LABO make it unique in its field, as it is one of the only places in the world to bring together so many resources (motion analysis, medical imaging, body donation, etc.) with a truly multidisciplinary team that is well trained to deal with the various aspects required for this research.
Current research projects
Combined approach of optoelectronic plethysmography and geometric morphometry applied to the quantification of respiratory patterns
Morpho-functional quantification of musculoskeletal structures involved in respiratory mechanics (clinical and paleoanthropological)
Morpho-functional quantification of anatomical structures involved in the stabilization of the lumbar spine, including the thoraco-lumbar fascia.
Quantification of movement by “procrustean movement” analysis applied to the trunk in modern humans and hominins
Evaluation and quantification of curvature profiles of the entire spine, as well as measurements of variations in thoracic geometry using a digitized manual anatomical palpation method. Relation of these curvature profiles to dynamic measurements of spinal mobility, gait and clinical assessments.
Measurement of sagittal balance using force (AMTI) and RsScan dynamic pressure platforms.
- Analysis of spatio-temporal parameters, center of pressure and plantar pressures during walking in healthy subjects and those suffering from low back pain.
Validation of virtual reality methods for assessing mobility and proprioception of the cervical spine.
Creation of specific musculoskeletal models, including the creation of lever arms in different body joints: hip, ankle, knee, shoulder and jaw.
Macroscopic and microscopic anatomy
Comparative anatomy of the Achilles tendon This project, carried out in collaboration between LAF, LABO, the Swedish School of Sports and the Histology Laboratory, aims to study the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the human and primate Achilles tendon to clarify contradictions in the literature concerning the twisting of fibers, the existence of sub-tendons and the preferential location of overload lesions within the tendon. To this end, this study combines several in vivo and in vitro techniques to answer these questions, including classical dissection and morphometry, stereophotogrammetry, histology and medical imaging. Anatomy of the components involved in the thoraco-lumbar fascia, including the interfascial trigone: The aim of this research project is to characterize the microscopic anatomical, morphological and functional aspects of the lumbar interfascial trigone belonging to the thoracolumbar fascia, in order to identify its potential clinical involvement in low back pain. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of hamstrings and their connective tissues: The central objective of this research project is to characterize the anatomical variations of the hamstrings, in particular at the level of connective tissue (tendon, paratenon and myotendinous junction), likely to influence the biomechanical behavior of the IJs and thus constitute a risk factor in the development of muscle injuries.
Macroscopic and microscopic anatomy
Comparative anatomy of the Achilles tendon : This project, carried out in collaboration between LABO, LAF, the Swedish School of Sports and the Histology Laboratory, aims to study the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the human and primate Achilles tendon to clarify contradictions in the literature concerning the twisting of fibers, the existence of sub-tendons and the preferential location of overload lesions within the tendon. To this end, this study combines several in vivo and in vitro techniques to answer these questions, including classical dissection and morphometry, stereophotogrammetry, histology and medical imaging. Anatomy of the components involved in the thoraco-lumbar fascia, including the interfascial trigone: The aim of this research project is to characterize the microscopic anatomical, morphological and functional aspects of the lumbar interfascial trigone belonging to the thoracolumbar fascia, in order to identify its potential clinical involvement in low back pain. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of hamstrings and their connective tissues: The central objective of this research project is to characterize the anatomical variations of the hamstrings, in particular at the level of connective tissue (tendon, paratenon and myotendinous junction), likely to influence the biomechanical behavior of the IJs and thus constitute a risk factor in the development of muscle injuries.
The aim of the Functional Assessment Center is to provide a space for data collection, both for clinical activities (e.g., the establishment of objective functional assessments for patients suffering from orthopedic or neurological pathologies) and for a variety of research purposes. The general research theme is linked to the development of quantified movement analysis methods applied to musculoskeletal disorders. Past research has focused on the design and development of 6 ddl articulated mechanical systems (three-dimensional electrogoniometry), the design of new experimental protocols, and the creation of data processing and visualization software; all scientific tools that have been integrated into numerous European research projects. The expertise acquired in theoretical and applied kinematics has enabled us to tackle the development of biomechanical models applied to joint complexes such as the shoulder and foot. A new technique for digitizing anatomical markers by manual palpation has been developed at LAF allowing to address the kinematics of the scapula, spine, temporomandibular joint and foot, considered as a multi-segment complex. The reliability and reproducibility of the new models have been assessed in numerous post-graduate studies, international communications and publications. These reproducibility studies have enabled us to build up reference databases that are used in our clinical assessments, ensuring their quality and relevance. The research tools we have developed have been applied in clinical research to answer the questions of various health practitioners (physicians, surgeons, physiotherapists). The functional examination reports developed are not only integrated into the hospital's IT system, but are also provided to the patient in PDF format, along with videos enabling doctors to match the results (tables, graphs, conclusions) with these videos. The methodologies developed are also used by our young researchers forming our team for their own research and doctorate.
The Functional Evaluation Center collects and analyzes biomechanical data for clinical (e.g. objective functional assessments of patients suffering from orthopedic or neurological pathologies) and research purposes. The general research theme is linked to the development of quantified movement analysis (QMA) methods applied to musculoskeletal disorders. Past research has focused on the design and development of 6 ddl articulated mechanical systems (three-dimensional electrogoniometry), the design of new experimental protocols, and the creation of data processing and visualization software; scientific tools which have been integrated into numerous European research projects. Our expertise in theoretical and applied kinematics has enabled us to tackle the development of biomechanical models applied to joint complexes such as the shoulder and foot. A new technique for digitizing anatomical markers by manual palpation has been developed. This has enabled us to study the kinematics of the scapula, the spine, the temporomandibular joint and the foot, considered as a multi-segment complex. The reliability and reproducibility of the new models have been assessed. Studies have enabled us to build reference databases that are used in our clinical assessments, ensuring their quality and relevance. The research tools we have developed have been applied in clinical research to answer the questions of various health practitioners (physicians, surgeons, physiotherapists). The functional examination reports developed are integrated into the hospital's IT system, but are also provided to the patient in PDF format, along with videos enabling doctors to match the results (tables, graphs, conclusions) with these videos (see appendix for an example of a report). The methodologies developed are also used by our young researchers for their own research.
