Characterization of long-last symbiotic interactions (mutualism, commensalism, parasitis in echinoderms, with a special interest
in the ecological and evolutionary process which ensure symbioses'emergence and preservation on one hand, and on the place of
symbioses in marine ecosystem in the other hand. The researches mostly consist in investigating (1) the nature and biological impact of
the symbiotic interractions, (2) the symbioses'specificity and the processes allowing host recognition/detection by symbiotes,
(3) the transmission and life-cycle of symbiotes, and (4) the coevolution of the symbiotic partners. Approaches include
morpho-physiology, etho-ecology, and phylogeny.